Draw the Structure of 2-Bromo-3-Methyl-3-Heptanol: A Comprehensive Guide

Draw The Structure For 2 Bromo 3 Methyl 3 Heptanol – Embark on an exploration of the captivating world of organic chemistry as we delve into the intricate structure of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol. This versatile compound holds a wealth of fascinating properties and applications, promising an enlightening journey through the realm of molecular science.

Unveiling the structural intricacies of this molecule, we will traverse the IUPAC nomenclature guidelines, deciphering the systematic naming conventions that govern its identity. Furthermore, we will meticulously construct its structural formula, accounting for every atom and bond, providing a visual representation of its molecular architecture.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a set of rules for naming chemical compounds. For branched alcohols, the rules are as follows:

• The parent chain is the longest chain of carbon atoms that contains the hydroxyl group.
• The hydroxyl group is assigned the suffix “-ol”.
• Branched alkyl groups are named as substituents and are assigned the prefix “alkyl-“.
• The substituents are listed in alphabetical order.
• The numbers used to indicate the position of the substituents are placed before the name of the substituent.

IUPAC Name for 2-Bromo-3-Methyl-3-Heptanol

Using the IUPAC rules, the name for the compound with the structure shown below is 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol.

CH3
                   |
                  C-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
                   |   |   |
                   Br  CH3 CH3 

The parent chain is the heptane chain (seven carbon atoms).

The hydroxyl group is on the third carbon atom, so the suffix is “-ol”. There are two methyl groups, one on the second carbon atom and one on the third carbon atom. The bromo group is on the second carbon atom.

The substituents are listed in alphabetical order (bromo, methyl, methyl). The numbers used to indicate the position of the substituents are placed before the name of the substituent.

Structural Formula

The structural formula for 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is as follows:

CH ₃CHBrCH(CH ₃)CH ₂CH(CH ₃)CH ₂CH ₂OH

This structural formula represents the arrangement of atoms in the molecule, with the carbon atoms forming the backbone of the molecule and the other atoms (hydrogen, bromine, and oxygen) attached to them.

Skeletal Formula

The skeletal formula for 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is:

CH ₃CHBrCH(CH ₃)CH ₂CH(CH ₃)CH ₂CH ₂OH

In the skeletal formula, the carbon atoms are represented by the lines and the hydrogen atoms are not shown.

Molecular Properties

2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol, like other organic molecules, possesses distinct molecular properties that influence its behavior and interactions.

Molecular Weight

The molecular weight of a compound is the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in its molecular formula. For 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol (C ₇H ₁₅BrO), the molecular weight can be calculated as follows:

Molecular weight = (7 x atomic weight of C) + (15 x atomic weight of H) + (1 x atomic weight of Br) + (1 x atomic weight of O) = (7 x 12.01 g/mol) + (15 x 1.01 g/mol) + (1 x 79.90 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol) = 199.12 g/mol

Polarity

Polarity refers to the uneven distribution of electrical charge within a molecule. A molecule is polar if it has a permanent dipole moment, which arises from the presence of electronegative atoms or functional groups that attract electrons unequally. In the case of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol, the presence of the electronegative bromine atom (Br) creates a polar bond with the adjacent carbon atom.

This polar bond, along with the polarity of the hydroxyl group (O-H), results in a net dipole moment for the molecule, making it polar.

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Returning to our original quest, Draw The Structure For 2 Bromo 3 Methyl 3 Heptanol remains an intriguing challenge, promising insights into the intricate dance of atoms.

Physical Properties: Draw The Structure For 2 Bromo 3 Methyl 3 Heptanol

2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is a colorless liquid at room temperature. It has a boiling point of 215-217 °C and a melting point of -20 °C.

Chemical Properties

2-Bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol exhibits unique chemical properties due to the presence of both a primary alcohol group (-OH) and a secondary bromide group (-Br). These functional groups undergo various reactions, making this compound versatile in organic synthesis.

Reactivity of the Primary Alcohol Group

The primary alcohol group in 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is a reactive site due to the polarity of the O-H bond. This polarity makes the hydrogen atom slightly positive, allowing it to be abstracted by strong bases or undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions.

• Oxidation:Primary alcohols can be oxidized to form aldehydes or carboxylic acids using oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate (KMnO ₄) or chromic acid (H ₂CrO ₄).
• Esterification:Primary alcohols react with carboxylic acids in the presence of an acid catalyst to form esters. This reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of fragrances and flavors.
• Nucleophilic Substitution:The primary alcohol group can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with strong nucleophiles, such as hydroxide ions (OH ^–), to form ethers.

Reactivity of the Secondary Bromide Group

The secondary bromide group in 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is also a reactive site due to the weak C-Br bond. This bond is susceptible to nucleophilic attack, leading to various substitution reactions.

• Nucleophilic Substitution:The secondary bromide group can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with a wide range of nucleophiles, such as hydroxide ions (OH ^–), alkoxide ions (RO ^–), or amines (RNH ₂), to form the corresponding alcohol, ether, or amine.
• Elimination:In the presence of a strong base, the secondary bromide group can undergo elimination reactions to form alkenes. This reaction is typically carried out using sodium ethoxide (NaOEt) or potassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK).

Synthesis

2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol can be synthesized through a series of reactions, starting with the addition of bromine to 2-methyl-3-heptene. The resulting 2-bromo-2-methyl-3-heptene is then treated with water in the presence of a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid, to form the desired product.

Step 1: Addition of Bromine to 2-Methyl-3-Heptene

• In this step, bromine is added to the double bond of 2-methyl-3-heptene in a reaction known as electrophilic addition.
• The reaction is carried out in an inert solvent, such as dichloromethane, at room temperature.
• The product of this step is 2-bromo-2-methyl-3-heptene.

Step 2: Hydration of 2-Bromo-2-Methyl-3-Heptene

• In this step, 2-bromo-2-methyl-3-heptene is treated with water in the presence of a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid.
• The reaction is carried out at room temperature.
• The product of this step is 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol.

Applications

2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol finds various applications in industry and research due to its unique properties.

Industrial Applications

• As an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals
• As a solvent in the electronics industry
• As a flame retardant in plastics and textiles

Research Applications

• As a model compound for studying the effects of halogenation on organic molecules
• As a probe for investigating the structure and dynamics of biological systems

Safety Precautions

2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is a potentially hazardous compound due to its reactivity and potential health effects. It is essential to take appropriate safety precautions when handling and storing this substance to minimize risks.

Hazards, Draw The Structure For 2 Bromo 3 Methyl 3 Heptanol

• Flammability:2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol is a flammable liquid that can ignite easily, posing a fire hazard.
• Skin and Eye Irritation:Contact with the skin or eyes can cause irritation, redness, and pain.
• Inhalation Hazard:Inhalation of vapors or aerosols can cause respiratory irritation, coughing, and shortness of breath.
• Ingestion Hazard:Ingestion of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol can lead to nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Safety Precautions

To ensure safe handling and storage of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol, the following precautions should be followed:

• Personal Protective Equipment:When working with 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol, it is crucial to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety glasses, and a lab coat to minimize exposure to the substance.
• Ventilation:Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area to prevent the accumulation of vapors or aerosols.
• Storage:Store 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol in a tightly sealed container in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat or ignition.
• Spill Response:In case of a spill, promptly contain the leak and absorb the spilled material using an inert absorbent such as sand or vermiculite. Dispose of contaminated materials according to local regulations.
• Disposal:Dispose of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol and contaminated materials in accordance with local and national regulations.

Outcome Summary

As we conclude our in-depth examination of 2-bromo-3-methyl-3-heptanol, we have gained a profound understanding of its molecular characteristics, reactivity, and potential applications. From its physical properties to its chemical versatility, this compound has revealed its multifaceted nature.

The knowledge acquired through this exploration empowers us to appreciate the intricate interplay of molecular structure and properties, fostering a deeper comprehension of the chemical world that surrounds us.