Condensed Structural Formula for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane: A Detailed Exploration

Condensed Structural Formula For 1 4 Dichlorocyclohexane – Unveiling the intricacies of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane, this guide delves into its condensed structural formula, revealing its molecular makeup and intriguing properties. Get ready to witness a captivating journey through the realm of organic chemistry!

The condensed structural formula for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane, C6H8Cl2, offers a concise representation of its molecular structure. It consists of a six-membered cyclohexane ring with two chlorine atoms attached at the 1st and 4th carbon atoms. This arrangement gives rise to a unique molecular geometry and distinct physical and chemical properties.

Condensed Structural Formula for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane

,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H10Cl2. It is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of 202 °C. 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is used as a solvent and an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.The condensed structural formula for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is C6H10Cl2.

This formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in the molecule, but it does not show the three-dimensional structure of the molecule.

Molecular Geometry

The molecular geometry of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is a chair conformation. In this conformation, the six carbon atoms in the ring are arranged in a chair-like shape. The two chlorine atoms are located on opposite sides of the ring.The chair conformation of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is the most stable conformation because it minimizes the steric hindrance between the chlorine atoms.

IUPAC Nomenclature and Common Names: Condensed Structural Formula For 1 4 Dichlorocyclohexane

The IUPAC nomenclature for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is based on the following rules:

• The base name of the compound is “cyclohexane”, which indicates the presence of a six-membered ring of carbon atoms.
• The prefixes “1,4-” indicate that the two chlorine atoms are attached to the first and fourth carbon atoms of the ring.
• The suffix “-dichloro” indicates that there are two chlorine atoms present in the molecule.

Common names for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane include:

• 1,4-Dichlorohexahydrobenzene
• para-Dichlorocyclohexane
• 1,4-Bischlorocyclohexane

The condensed structural formula for 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane, C ₆H ₁₀Cl ₂, can be used to derive the IUPAC nomenclature. The formula shows that there are six carbon atoms, ten hydrogen atoms, and two chlorine atoms in the molecule. The carbon atoms are arranged in a six-membered ring, and the chlorine atoms are attached to the first and fourth carbon atoms of the ring.

Physical and Chemical Properties

,4-Dichlorocyclohexane, with its two chlorine atoms, exhibits distinct physical and chemical properties that set it apart from cyclohexane. The presence of chlorine atoms influences various aspects, including molecular weight, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, and polarity.

Molecular Weight and Physical State

The molecular weight of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is 161.02 g/mol, higher than that of cyclohexane (84.16 g/mol) due to the added mass of the two chlorine atoms. This difference impacts its physical state at room temperature; 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is a liquid, unlike cyclohexane, which is a gas.

Melting Point and Boiling Point

The melting point of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is18.3 °C, while its boiling point is 208 °C. Compared to cyclohexane, which has a melting point of 6.5 °C and a boiling point of 80.7 °C, the presence of chlorine atoms elevates both the melting and boiling points.

This effect is attributed to the increased intermolecular forces, including dipole-dipole interactions and van der Waals forces, resulting from the electronegative chlorine atoms.

Density and Solubility

The density of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is 1.23 g/cm³, higher than that of cyclohexane (0.779 g/cm³). The increased density is a consequence of the higher molecular weight and closer packing of molecules due to the presence of chlorine atoms. In terms of solubility, 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is less soluble in water than cyclohexane, exhibiting a solubility of 0.02 g/100 mL at 25 °C.

This reduced solubility is attributed to the decreased polarity of the molecule caused by the electron-withdrawing effect of the chlorine atoms.

Polarity

The polarity of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is influenced by the electronegativity of the chlorine atoms. The chlorine atoms have a higher electronegativity than carbon, drawing electron density towards them and creating a slight polarity in the molecule. This polarity is reflected in the dipole moment of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane, which is 1.91 D, indicating a separation of charge within the molecule.In

summary, the presence of chlorine atoms in 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane alters its physical and chemical properties compared to cyclohexane. These changes include an increased molecular weight, elevated melting and boiling points, higher density, decreased solubility in water, and a slight polarity.

Synthesis and Reactions

• ,4-Dichlorocyclohexane can be synthesized through various methods, including:

-*Addition of chlorine to cyclohexane

This involves reacting cyclohexane with chlorine gas in the presence of a radical initiator, such as peroxides or azo compounds.

-*Electrophilic aromatic substitution

This method involves reacting benzene with 1,4-dichloro-2-butene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as aluminum chloride.

• ,4-Dichlorocyclohexane undergoes several reactions, including:

-*Nucleophilic substitution

This reaction involves the replacement of a chlorine atom with a nucleophile, such as hydroxide or alkoxide ions.

-*Elimination reactions

These reactions involve the removal of a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom from adjacent carbon atoms, leading to the formation of an alkene.

Examples of Reactions, Condensed Structural Formula For 1 4 Dichlorocyclohexane

• -*Nucleophilic substitution

  When 1,4-dichlorocyclohexane is treated with sodium hydroxide in an aqueous solution, it undergoes nucleophilic substitution, resulting in the formation of 1,4-cyclohexanediol.

-*Elimination reactions

The condensed structural formula for 1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, C6H8Cl2, represents a cyclic structure with six carbon atoms and two chlorine atoms attached to the ring. To understand the intricacies of molecular structures, exploring resources like Label The Structural Features Of The Yeast Phenylalanine Trna.

can provide valuable insights. Returning to our focus on 1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, its cyclic structure allows for different spatial arrangements, known as conformations, which influence its chemical properties.

When 1,4-dichlorocyclohexane is heated in the presence of a strong base, such as potassium tert-butoxide, it undergoes an elimination reaction, leading to the formation of 1,3-cyclohexadiene.

Applications and Uses

1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane finds diverse applications across various industries due to its unique properties.

It serves as an effective solvent for numerous organic compounds, making it valuable in the production of paints, adhesives, and coatings. Additionally, its cleaning properties render it useful as a degreasing agent for metal surfaces.

As a Solvent

• 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is a versatile solvent for a wide range of organic compounds, including oils, greases, and waxes.
• Its ability to dissolve these substances makes it suitable for use in the manufacturing of paints, adhesives, and coatings.

As a Cleaning Agent

• 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane’s degreasing properties make it an effective cleaning agent for metal surfaces.
• It is commonly used in the automotive and metalworking industries to remove oil, grease, and other contaminants from metal components.

As an Intermediate in Chemical Synthesis

• 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane is an important intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, including adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine.
• These chemicals are used in the production of nylon and other synthetic fibers.

Outcome Summary

In conclusion, the condensed structural formula of 1,4-Dichlorocyclohexane provides valuable insights into its molecular structure, properties, and reactivity. Understanding this formula is crucial for comprehending its applications in various industries, including its use as a solvent, cleaning agent, and intermediate in chemical synthesis.

As we continue to explore the realm of organic chemistry, the condensed structural formula remains a powerful tool for unraveling the mysteries of molecular structures and their impact on the world around us.