Condensed Structural Formula For 1,2-Dibromoethane: A Detailed Overview

Condensed Structural Formula For 1 2-Dibromoethane – Prepare to delve into the realm of Condensed Structural Formula For 1,2-Dibromoethane, a captivating topic that unveils the intricacies of molecular structure and its profound impact on chemical behavior. Our exploration begins with a comprehensive examination of its condensed structural formula, unraveling the arrangement of atoms and bonds within this intriguing molecule.

Proceeding further, we will dissect the molecular composition of 1,2-dibromoethane, identifying the constituent elements and their respective quantities. Delving deeper, we will illuminate the types of chemical bonds that orchestrate the molecular architecture, shedding light on the hybridization of carbon atoms involved in these crucial interactions.

Structural Representation

The condensed structural formula of 1,2-dibromoethane is CH2BrCH2Br.

This formula represents the arrangement of atoms and bonds within the molecule. The carbon atoms are represented by the letters C, the hydrogen atoms by the letters H, and the bromine atoms by the letters Br. The bonds between the atoms are represented by lines.

Arrangement of Atoms and Bonds

• The two carbon atoms are bonded to each other by a single bond.
• Each carbon atom is also bonded to two hydrogen atoms by single bonds.
• Each carbon atom is also bonded to a bromine atom by a single bond.

Molecular Composition

,2-Dibromoethane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C ₂H ₄Br ₂. It consists of two carbon atoms, four hydrogen atoms, and two bromine atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded to each other by a single bond, and each carbon atom is also bonded to two hydrogen atoms.

The bromine atoms are bonded to the carbon atoms by single bonds.

Constituent Elements

The constituent elements of 1,2-dibromoethane are:

• Carbon (C): 2 atoms
• Hydrogen (H): 4 atoms
• Bromine (Br): 2 atoms

Chemical Bonding

1,2-Dibromoethane, also known as ethylene dibromide (EDB), is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H4Br2. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. 1,2-Dibromoethane is a widely used industrial chemical, but it is also a known carcinogen.

The chemical bonding in 1,2-dibromoethane is characterized by the presence of two covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and the two bromine atoms. The carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized, which means that they have four equivalent electron orbitals that can form bonds with other atoms.

The bromine atoms are sp3 hybridized as well, which means that they have three equivalent electron orbitals that can form bonds with other atoms.

Types of Chemical Bonds

The covalent bonds between the carbon atoms and the bromine atoms are formed by the overlap of the sp3 hybridized orbitals on the carbon atoms with the sp3 hybridized orbitals on the bromine atoms. The resulting bonds are sigma bonds, which are the strongest type of covalent bond.

In addition to the covalent bonds between the carbon atoms and the bromine atoms, there are also van der Waals forces between the molecules of 1,2-dibromoethane. Van der Waals forces are weak attractive forces that occur between all molecules, regardless of their chemical structure.

Molecular Geometry

VSEPR theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) helps us predict the molecular geometry of 1,2-dibromoethane. This theory suggests that electron pairs around a central atom will arrange themselves in a way that minimizes repulsion and achieves the most stable configuration.

Electron Pair Arrangement

In 1,2-dibromoethane, the carbon atom has four electron pairs around it: two bonding pairs with hydrogen atoms and two bonding pairs with bromine atoms. These electron pairs will arrange themselves in a tetrahedral electron pair geometry to minimize repulsion.

Molecular Shape

The tetrahedral electron pair geometry results in a molecular shape that is slightly distorted from tetrahedral due to the presence of the two bulky bromine atoms. The bond angles between the carbon-hydrogen bonds are slightly less than 109.5 degrees, and the bond angles between the carbon-bromine bonds are slightly greater than 109.5 degrees.

Overall, the molecular shape of 1,2-dibromoethane is best described as a distorted tetrahedron.

Physical Properties

1,2-Dibromoethane is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It is denser than water and has a relatively high boiling point and melting point.

The condensed structural formula for 1,2-dibromoethane, a halogenated hydrocarbon, is CH2BrCH2Br. Its molecular structure consists of two carbon atoms bonded to each other by a single bond, with each carbon atom bonded to two bromine atoms. While the condensed structural formula provides a simplified representation of the molecule, for a more detailed understanding of the spatial arrangement and functionality of cellular organelles, exploring the structure of the Golgi body offers valuable insights into cellular processes.

The physical properties of 1,2-dibromoethane are influenced by its molecular structure. The two bromine atoms are bonded to the same carbon atom, which creates a polar covalent bond. This polarity makes the molecule more soluble in polar solvents than in nonpolar solvents.

Boiling Point

The boiling point of 1,2-dibromoethane is 131.5 °C. This is higher than the boiling point of other alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. The higher boiling point is due to the polar covalent bond between the bromine atoms and the carbon atom.

This bond creates a stronger intermolecular force, which makes it more difficult for the molecules to escape into the gas phase.

Melting Point, Condensed Structural Formula For 1 2-Dibromoethane

The melting point of 1,2-dibromoethane is -10.5 °C. This is lower than the melting point of other alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. The lower melting point is due to the weaker intermolecular forces between the molecules. The polar covalent bond between the bromine atoms and the carbon atom creates a dipole moment, which disrupts the van der Waals forces between the molecules.

Density

The density of 1,2-dibromoethane is 1.92 g/cm ³. This is higher than the density of other alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. The higher density is due to the presence of the two bromine atoms, which are heavier than hydrogen atoms.

Chemical Reactivity

1,2-Dibromoethane undergoes various chemical reactions due to the presence of two reactive bromine atoms. These reactions include nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions.

Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions

Nucleophilic substitution reactions involve the replacement of a leaving group (in this case, bromide) by a nucleophile (a species that donates a pair of electrons). 1,2-Dibromoethane can undergo both SN2 and SN1 nucleophilic substitution reactions.

• SN2 (Bimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution): In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbon atom bearing the bromine atom in a concerted manner, resulting in the inversion of configuration at the carbon atom. This reaction occurs in a single step and is favored by strong nucleophiles and polar aprotic solvents.

• SN1 (Unimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution): In an SN1 reaction, the bromine atom leaves first, forming a carbocation intermediate. The nucleophile then attacks the carbocation, leading to the formation of a new bond. This reaction occurs in two steps and is favored by weak nucleophiles and polar protic solvents.

Elimination Reactions

Elimination reactions involve the removal of two substituents from adjacent carbon atoms to form a double bond. 1,2-Dibromoethane can undergo both E2 and E1 elimination reactions.

• E2 (Bimolecular Elimination): In an E2 reaction, the base abstracts a proton from a carbon atom adjacent to the carbon bearing the bromine atom, while the other bromine atom leaves. This reaction occurs in a concerted manner and is favored by strong bases and polar aprotic solvents.

• E1 (Unimolecular Elimination): In an E1 reaction, the bromine atom leaves first, forming a carbocation intermediate. The base then abstracts a proton from a carbon atom adjacent to the carbocation, leading to the formation of a double bond. This reaction occurs in two steps and is favored by weak bases and polar protic solvents.

Applications: Condensed Structural Formula For 1 2-Dibromoethane

,2-dibromoethane is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications in various industries. Its unique properties make it a valuable substance for both industrial and laboratory purposes.

Solvent

One of the primary uses of 1,2-dibromoethane is as a solvent. It is an excellent solvent for a variety of organic compounds, including fats, oils, and waxes. This property makes it useful in various industries, such as the manufacturing of paints, varnishes, and adhesives.

Intermediate

,2-dibromoethane is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals. It is a precursor to the production of ethylene dibromide, a compound used as a fumigant and fire retardant. Additionally, 1,2-dibromoethane is used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and other specialty chemicals.

Fumigant

,2-dibromoethane has been used as a fumigant to control pests in stored products, such as grains and tobacco. However, due to its toxicity and environmental concerns, its use as a fumigant has been phased out in many countries.

Closing Summary

As we conclude our in-depth analysis of Condensed Structural Formula For 1,2-Dibromoethane, we have gained a profound understanding of its molecular geometry, physical properties, and chemical reactivity. This knowledge empowers us to appreciate the diverse applications of this versatile compound in both industrial and laboratory settings.

Throughout our journey, we have uncovered the intricacies of 1,2-dibromoethane’s structure and its influence on its behavior. This exploration has not only expanded our chemical knowledge but also ignited a deeper appreciation for the elegance and complexity of the molecular world.